Database Design and Optimization: Modern Strategies for High-Performance Applications

Modern Database Design Principles

Effective database design balances normalization with performance requirements.

Schema Design Strategies

• Normalization vs Denormalization: Balance data integrity with query performance
• Indexing Strategy: Design indexes to support common query patterns
• Partitioning: Distribute data across tables or databases for improved performance
• Data Types: Choose appropriate data types to optimize storage and performance

Query Optimization Techniques

Create composite indexes for multi-column queries and use EXPLAIN plans to understand query execution.

Scaling Strategies

Implement read replicas to distribute read workloads and Redis for frequently accessed data.